This project model was the first of its kind, a revival for scientific management, founded by Frederick Taylor ( Taylorism) and later refined by Henry Ford ( Fordism). An early example is when it was used for the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble which applied PERT from 1965 until the opening of the 1968 Games. Navy's Polaris nuclear submarine project. Navy Special Projects Office in 1957 to support the U.S. PERT was developed primarily to simplify the planning and scheduling of large and complex projects. Although these are distinct differences, the term PERT is applied increasingly to all critical path scheduling." History PERT and CPM are complementary tools, because "CPM employs one time estimation and one cost estimation for each activity PERT may utilize three time estimates (optimistic, expected, and pessimistic) and no costs for each activity. PERT offers a management tool, which relies "on arrow and node diagrams of activities and events: arrows represent the activities or work necessary to reach the events or nodes that indicate each completed phase of the total project." It is applied on very large-scale, one-time, complex, non-routine infrastructure and on Research and Development projects. It is more of an event-oriented technique rather than start- and completion-oriented, and is used more in those projects where time is the major factor rather than cost. It incorporates uncertainty by making it possible to schedule a project while not knowing precisely the details and durations of all the activities.
PERT is a method of analyzing the tasks involved in completing a given project, especially the time needed to complete each task, and to identify the minimum time needed to complete the total project.
4.2 Next step, creating network diagram by hand or by using diagram software.
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